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VAT DIRECT REGISTRATION IN ITALY
If you have a VAT number in your EU country and you want to sell to individuals (with no VAT number) in Italy, you are required to have a VAT number in Italy. Back in the days, you were required to set up an entity in Italy or have a fiscal representative located here; this process is costly and develops multiple tax and accounting issues.
Reference Rates for 2019 for Notional Interest on Equity
The Cyprus Tax Department published on 30 January 2019 an update on bond yield rates per country as at 31 December 2018 to be considered for the notional interest deduction for 2019 to which equity injected in to Cyprus companies is entitled. The rates are as follows:
Country | 10 Year Bond Yield | Country | 10 Year Bond Yield |
Cyprus | 2.302 | Kazakhstan | N/A |
Austria | 0.484 | Latvia | 1.029 |
Armenia | 6.385 | Belarus (USD$) | 7.226 |
Bulgaria | 0.966 | Luxembourg | 0.522 |
BVI | N/A | Mauritius | 5.380 |
France | 0.705 | Norway | 1.754 |
Germany | 0.284 | South Africa | 9.206 |
Switzerland | -0.197 | Holland | 0.383 |
Greece | 4.346 | Hungary | 2.971 |
UAE | N/A | Ukraine (USD$) | 10.780 |
United Kingdom | 1.275 | Poland | 2.812 |
USA | 2.685 | Romania | 4.811 |
India | 7.261 | Russia | 8.720 |
Ireland | 1.166 | Russia (USD$) | 5.020 |
Spain | 1.413 | Serbia | 4.722 |
Italy | 2.739 | Slovakia | 0.789 |
China | 3.261 | Croatia | 2.415 |
Slovenia | 1.166 | Czech Republic | 1.884 |
Sweden | 0.457 | Hong Kong | 1.946 |
Canada | 1.965 |
It is reminded that the reference interest rate is considered to be the higher of the 10-year government bond yield of Cyprus or of the country in which the assets financed by the new equity are utilized, plus 3%. The rate to be used is the one as at 31 December of the tax year preceding the tax year of assessment. So the minimum reference interest rate to be used for the tax year 2019 is 5,302% being the 2,302% yield on the 10-year government bond of Cyprus plus 3%, as provided by the relevant legislation.
It is also reminded that capitalization of existing liabilities, including back to back arrangements, obtained by a Cyprus company qualifies for the purposes of the notional interest deduction.